When we began looking at farming in 2013/14 as something we both wanted to do as a "second career" we invested time and money to understand what sector of farming was profitable. A few things emerged, First, high-quality, source-proven, organic farm products consistently have much higher profit margins. Secondly, transformation accounted for nearly 80% of total profits, and production and distribution accounted for 20% of profits: Farmers and retailers have low profit margins and the middle bits make all the money. A profitable farm operation needs to be involved in the transformation of its produce. The low-hanging fruits: cheese and butter. Milk, generates a profit margin of 5% to 8%, depending on milk quality. Transformed into cheese and butter, and the profit margin rises to 40% (Taking into account all costs). Second: 20% of a steer carcass is ground beef quality. The price is low, because (a) a high percentage of the carcass, and (b) ground beef requires process
Life of a Norfolk farmer
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